disease-free plants are produced by

Tissue culture is used to produce disease-free plants, and genetically engineered plants are initially multiplied using in vitro methods. There are a number of ways to vegetatively propagate plants through tissue culture, such as organogenesis and meristem culture.

1. How do you make a plant virus free?
2. Which tissue is used as an explant to obtain virus free plants in tissue culture?
3. Which technique is commonly used in ornamental plants to grow from one parent in disease free conditions?
4. Which portion of the plant is considered free from viruses?
5. Do viruses attack plants?
6. How do plants control virus diseases?
7. What are the types of micropropagation?
8. Why are meristems virus-free?
9. What is the most suitable for virus-free plants for micropropagation?
10. What is Macropropagation?
11. What are the two ways of propagating ornamental plants?
12. What are the different ways of propagating plants?
13. What is major advantage of producing plants by micropropagation?
14. What does meristem mean?
15. How can we culture cells in liquid agitated medium?
16. Can plant viruses be cured?
17. Can plant viruses jump to humans?
18. Can plants carry human viruses?
19. What plant diseases are caused by viruses?
20. What controls a virus?
21. What is an example of a plant virus?

How do you make a plant virus free?

Shoot meristem-tip culture alone or in combination with thermotherapy, chemotherapy, electrotherapy and/or cryotherapy is being widely used to raise virus free plants from infected stock plants.

Which tissue is used as an explant to obtain virus free plants in tissue culture?

The meristem grows into a virus-free shoot that is rooted to get a virus-free plant.

Which technique is commonly used in ornamental plants to grow from one parent in disease free conditions?

Advantages. Micropropagation has a number of advantages over traditional plant propagation techniques: The main advantage of micropropagation is the production of many plants that are clones of each other. Micropropagation can be used to produce disease-free plants.

Which portion of the plant is considered free from viruses?

Apical meristems are virus free tissues as most of the viruses can not infect these tissues and viral growth can not keep pace with these fast growing/dividing meristems. Thus, apical meristem is used to culture and produces a virus free plant.

Do viruses attack plants?

Some viruses can infect plants when aphids and other insects tap into the phloem to feed. Such insect vectors can also pick up virus particles and carry them to new plant hosts. Other viruses infect plant cells through a wound site created by a leaf-munching insect such as a beetle.

How do plants control virus diseases?

Plant viruses need to be transmitted by an organism-vector (insects, nematodes, zoosporic endoparasites) for their plant-to-plant spread. Hence, viral diseases can be efficiently controlled by limiting the populations of their vectors with the applications of appropriate pesticides.

What are the types of micropropagation?

Micropropagation techniques are of three types based on the way of propagation: first, the propagation from shoots with cytokinin like benzyladenine or kinetin; second, multiple shoot differentiation from dedifferentiating tissue, callus, with an auxin-like indole acetic acid; and finally, the embryo differentiation ...

Why are meristems virus-free?

The reasons for the meristem to be free from the virus: ... These cells have a high rate of metabolism and viruses cannot replicate in such cells. Most of the viruses migrate through Vascular elements but at the tip/meristem region, vascular elements are not formed. Thus, viruses cannot reach the meristem region.

What is the most suitable for virus-free plants for micropropagation?

So, the correct answer is 'Meristem'.

What is Macropropagation?

In the absence of seeds, vegetative propagation methods are used for the production of planting stock. ... In macro-propagation, conventional methods of offset planting, rhizome planting, rooting of cuttings and layering are used while in micro-propagation various tissue culture techniques are being employed.

What are the two ways of propagating ornamental plants?

There are two ways of propagating ornamental plants. These are sexual and asexual . In sexual propagation, seeds are planted until they grow into seedlings. In asexual propagation, roots, cuttings of branches, twigs, or leaves are planted and grown into new plants.

What are the different ways of propagating plants?

The major methods of asexual propagation are cuttings, layering, division, budding and grafting. Cuttings involve rooting a severed piece of the parent plant; layering involves rooting a part of the parent and then severing it; and budding and grafting is joining two plant parts from different varieties.

What is major advantage of producing plants by micropropagation?

Micropropagation helps in the propagation of a large number of plants in a short span of time. The plants produced are identical to the mother plant. It leads to the production of healthier plantlets, which exhibit better disease-resisting powers.

What does meristem mean?

: a formative plant tissue usually made up of small cells capable of dividing indefinitely and giving rise to similar cells or to cells that differentiate to produce the definitive tissues and organs.

How can we culture cells in liquid agitated medium?

Batch Culture ï‚› Batch culture is a type of cell suspension where the cell material grows in a finite volume of agitated liquid medium. ï‚› These cultures are maintained continuously by sub culturing. ... ï‚› In this method, single cells and cell aggregates in fixed volume of liquid medium are placed in conical flasks.

Can plant viruses be cured?

Although there are virtually no antiviral compounds available to cure plants with viral diseases, efficient control measures can greatly mitigate or prevent disease from occurring. Virus identification is a mandatory first step in the management of a disease caused by a virus.

Can plant viruses jump to humans?

Direct plant-to-human transmission

This is a very rare and highly unlikely event as, to enter a cell and replicate, a virus must "bind to a receptor on its surface, and a plant virus would be highly unlikely to recognize a receptor on a human cell.

Can plants carry human viruses?

In most cases, the answer is no. The fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes that cause disease in plants are very different from those that cause disease in humans and other animals.

What plant diseases are caused by viruses?

The Top 10 list includes, in rank order, (1) Tobacco mosaic virus, (2) Tomato spotted wilt virus, (3) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, (4) Cucumber mosaic virus, (5) Potato virus Y, (6) Cauliflower mosaic virus, (7) African cassava mosaic virus, (8) Plum pox virus, (9) Brome mosaic virus and (10) Potato virus X, with ...

What controls a virus?

Many viral diseases are controlled by reducing exposure to the virus by (1) eliminating nonhuman reservoirs, (2) eliminating the vector, and (3) improving sanitation.

What is an example of a plant virus?